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[IMG]https://i122.fastpic.org/big/2024/0118/fc/b3667c4cff68082aca6fcb41af1397fc.jpg[/IMG]The synthesis of glucose during the dark phase of photosynthesis, also known as the Calvin cycle, involves a series of light-independent reactions that occur in the stroma of the chloroplast. Here\'s a breakdown of the process based on the provided search results:
Dark Phase Glucose Synthesis:
Carbon Fixation: The dark phase, or Calvin cycle, is a light-independent process in which sugar molecules, including glucose, are formed from carbon dioxide and water molecules in the stroma of the chloroplast.
Calvin Cycle: The ATP and NADPH formed during the light [URL=https://affordableasiadentistry.com/13605-48-6-deciphering-the-chemical-cipher]https://affordableasiadentistry.com/13605-48-6-deciphering-the-chemical-cipher[/URL] reaction drive the dark phase and convert six molecules of carbon dioxide into one sugar molecule, specifically glucose.
Reaction Steps: The Calvin cycle involves a series of steps, including carbon fixation, reduction, and regeneration of ribulose 1,5-biphosphate. These steps ultimately lead to the synthesis of glucose from carbon dioxide.
Energy Utilization: The dark phase utilizes ATP and NADPH energy molecules from the light reaction of photosynthesis for the regeneration of ribulose 1,5-biphosphate and carbohydrate synthesis.
Product Formation: The carbohydrate produced directly from the Calvin cycle is not glucose, but a three-carbon sugar named glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P). For the net synthesis of one molecule of this sugar, the cycle must take place three times, fixing three molecules of CO2.
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